The Lathyrogenic Effect of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (inah) on the Chick Embryo and Its Reversal by Pyridoxal

The inhibition of lysyl oxidase in vivo by isoniazid and its reversal by pyridoxal. Effect on collagen cross-linking in the chick embryo.

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) causes a large increase in the salt-solubility of collagen when injected into chick embryos; this change is accompanied by the inactivation of lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), the enzyme responsible for initiating cross-link formation in collagen and elastin. In addition, isoniazid markedly decreases the liver content of pyridoxal phosphate. The depletion of ...

Studies on the Mode of Action of Lathyrogenic Compounds

The lathyrogenic effect of INAH in the chick embryo may be measured by the increase in the extractibility of collagen from the bones with 1 M NaCl. Incubation of these bones in vitro with carbonyl compounds diminishes the amount of extractible collagen; with D-L-glyceraldehyde the reversal of the INAH effect is complete. This reversal effect is dependent on the time and temperature of incubatio...

Structural Requirements for Lathyrogenic Agents

Using the chick embryo assay system, a series of organic compounds was tested for lathyrogenic activity; lathyrogenic compounds were shown to fall into 4 groups-nitriles, ureides, and 2 new groups-hydrazides and hydrazines, forming a spectrum of diminishing potency in their ability to produce solubility of collagen and skeletal deformities. Pyridoxal was seen to reverse to a great degree the ef...

Chick-Embryo Cartilage in vivo

1. Treatment ofthe chick embryo with the lathyrus factor, ,-aminopropionitrile, produces inhibition of polymerization of newly synthesized collagen at the interand intra-molecular level (Levene & Gross, 1959; Martin, Gross, Piez & Lewis, 1961); this is manifest as an increase in the fragility and solubility of collagen from the connective tissues. 2. This treatment simultaneously produced incre...

Potent Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of the Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Analogue, 2- Pyridylcarboxaldehyde Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone: A Lipophilic Transport Vehicle for Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide